生物成因与无机成因文石的FTIR光谱区别   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

张刚生  李浩璇 《矿物岩石》2006,26(1):1-4

对16种贝壳交叉页片层中生物成因文石的FT IR谱进行测量,并与无机成因文石进行对比和统计分析后,首次发现生物成因与无机成因文石的FT IR光谱有明显可区分的特征,生物成因文石2ν带(面外弯曲振动)频率平均值为863.4 cm-1,而无机成因文石该带的平均值为855.5 cm-1,两者频率位移达7.9 cm-1。因此文石的2ν带可作为指纹带鉴别生物和无机成因文石。  相似文献   

混合光谱分解模型提取水体叶绿素含量的研究     

肖青  闻建光  柳钦火  周艺 《遥感学报》2006,10(4):559-567

遥感监测水体叶绿素含量是水质遥感研究的难点之一。本文通过研究不同叶绿素含量水体反射率的光谱特征，确定了提取叶绿素a含量的最佳特征波段，建立了太湖水体叶绿素a的混合光谱模型。研究发现，混合光谱模型提取的水体叶绿素a百分比浓度与同步采样分析的叶绿素a浓度之间有较好的线性相关性。并基于TM和HEPERION图像利用此模型生成了叶绿索a浓度分布图。研究结果表明，混合光谱分解模型可以作为遥感监测水体叶绿素a含量的定量模型。  相似文献   

Application of a Cloud-Texture Analysis Scheme to the Cloud Cluster Structure Recognition and Rainfall Estimation in a Mesoscale Rainstorm Process   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

寿亦萱  励申申  寿绍文  赵忠明 《大气科学进展》2006,23(5):767-774

It is thought that satellite infrared (IR) images can aid the recognition of the structure of the cloud and aid the rainfall estimation. In this article, the authors explore the application of a classification method relevant to four texture features, viz. energy, entropy, inertial-quadrature and local calm, to the study of the structure of a cloud cluster displaying a typical meso-scale structure on infrared satellite images. The classification using the IR satellite images taken during 4–5 July 2003, a time when a meso-scale torrential rainstorm was occurring over the Yangtze River basin, illustrates that the detailed structure of the cloud cluster can be obviously seen by means of the neural network classification method relevant to textural features, and the relationship between the textural energy and rainfall indicates that the structural variation of a cloud cluster can be viewed as an exhibition of the convection intensity evolvement. These facts suggest that the scheme of following a classification method relevant to textural features applied to cloud structure studies is helpful for weather analysis and forecasting.  相似文献   

上地幔超高压流体的金刚石压砧实验研究     

胡书敏  张荣华  张雪彤 《地质学报》2006,80(10):1588-1597

地球深部流体主要是NaCl-H2O溶液,越到地球深部,它赋存的温度、压力越高,性质状态也不断变化,反之,亦然。当NaCl-H2O流体进入和脱离(上升过程)超临界状态时,其性质会发生截然不同的变化,影响着各种地质过程。使用金刚石压砧在高温高压下原位观测流体的实验,用谱学方法,结合同步辐射光源技术,成为定量化研究地球深部高温超高压流体的有效方法。作者使用同步辐射光源的红外谱研究了10GPa下的NaCl-H2O溶液;在地球化学动力学实验室研究了3GPa,650℃下的NaCl-H2O溶液红外谱,此测量方法可以提供温度压力和体积等数据,能研究其状态。NaCl-H2O溶液红外谱表明水分子主要振动谱受压力和温度影响是不同的。压力增加促使水分子主要振动谱向低波数变化。但是温度增加的效应相反。常温高压下水被压缩,结晶向紧密堆积变化。高温高压下的水有气、液、固和超临界流体各相。水分子间的氢键在近临界态开始减弱,氢键网络被破坏。  相似文献   

成像光谱技术在典型蚀变矿物识别和填图中的应用   总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

刘圣伟甘甫平  闫柏琨杨苏明王润生  王青华唐攀科 《中国地质》2006,33(1):178-186

成像光谱矿物识别和填图技术是中国国土资源调查和监测重点发展的高新技术之一。笔者以国土资源调查应用为主要目标,研究了成像光谱矿物识别和矿物填图技术实用化中的一些关键技术问题。分析了白云母和绿泥石两种重要蚀变矿物的光谱特征及光谱变异特征;以新疆东天山黄山地区的HyMap数据为例,对目前已较为系统化的成像光谱识别技术(如MNF变换、像元纯度指数PPI和N维可视化端元识别NDVI)在典型蚀变矿物识别和填图中的应用进行介绍。  相似文献   

Organic geochemistry and petrology of barren and Mo–Ni–PGE mineralized marine black shales of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation (South China)     

Bohdan K&#x;íbek  Ivana Sýkorov  Jan Pa&#x;ava  Vladimír Machovi 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2007,72(3-4):240-256

Marine black shales of the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation in southern China host Mo–Ni–platinum group elements (PGE) mineralization confined to a phosphate- and pyrite-rich stratiform body (max. 20-cm thick). The H/C atomic ratio, carbon isotopic composition, FTIR spectra of bulk organic matter, and spectra of extractable part of organic matter indicate similar sources and thermal evolution of organic matter in barren and mineralized black shales.The morphology and relative abundance of organic particles in barren and mineralized shales are different. In barren black shales, organic particles comprise only elongated bodies and laminae 2–10 μm across or elongated larger bodies (> 10 μm) with R_max = 2.96–5.21% (Type I particles). Mineralized black shales contain Type I particles in rock matrix (90–95 vol%), small veinlets or irregular organic accumulations (Type II particles, 1–5 vol%) that display weak to well developed mosaic texture and a variable reflectance (R_max = 3.55–8.65%), and small (< 1 to 5 μm) rounded or irregular Type III organic particles (1–4 vol%) distributed within phosphate nodules and sulphide rip-up clasts. Type III particles show similar reflectance as particles of Type I in rock matrix. Type I particles are interpreted as remnants of in situ bacterially reworked organic matter of cyanobacteria/algal type, Type II as solidified products or oil-derived material (migrabitumen), and Type III particles as remnants of original organic matter in phosphatized or sulphidized algal/microbial oncolite-like bodies. Equivalent vitrinite reflectances of Type I and III particles in barren and mineralized rocks are similar and correspond to semi-anthracite and anthracite. Micro-Raman spectra of organic particles in rocks display a wide belt in the area of 1600 cm^− 1 (G belt) and approximately the same belt in the area of 1350 cm^− 1 (D belt). The ratio of integrated areas of the two belts correlate with R_max values.The Mo–Ni–PGE mineralized body is interpreted as to represent a remnant of phosphate- and sulphide-rich subaquatic hardground supplied with organic material derived from plankton and benthic communities as well as with algal/microbial oncolite-like bodies that originated in wave-agitated, shallow-water, nearshore environment.  相似文献   

Luminescence investigation of loess and tephra from Halfway House section, Central Alaska     

Marie Auclair  Michel Lamothe  France Lagroix  Subir K. Banerjee 《Quaternary Geochronology》2007,2(1-4):34-38

Infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) properties of the Old Crow tephra and bracketing loess from the Halfway House site in Central Alaska are investigated in order to test newly developed techniques, including SAR and recently proposed fading corrections. Loess samples investigated show a standard growth of luminescence with regenerative dose while the tephra sample is less sensitive by an order of magnitude and saturates at lower dose. The growth curves obtained using multiple-aliquots regeneration (MAR) saturate at a higher value than those with the single-aliquot regeneration (SAR) protocol. Fading rate determinations for these samples are shown to be imprecise and no noticeable difference was observed between loess and tephra materials. Anomalous fading corrections using an average g value of 5% are applied to the natural test dose signal intensity using the dose rate correction (DRC) method. IRSL ages obtained for loess are in agreement with the expected age while the tephra age is lower than expected, suggesting the measured fading rate is underestimated for this material.  相似文献   

竖向断层对场地地面运动的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨笑梅  王海涛  杨柏坡 《地震工程与工程振动》2006,26(5):7-13

本文采用二维显式有限元结合透射边界的数值方法,考虑均匀弹性半空间内存在着不同宽度及深度的断层,由下向上分别垂直和斜(30°)入射一个脉冲波,研究非发震断层地面运动的一些特点。通过计算断层内外地震地面运动传递函数的幅值谱,并与自由场反应对比,以说明竖向断层对地震波传播和附近地面运动的影响,在此基础上进一步对断层周边一般结构抗震设计是否要考虑断层影响提出了几点建议。  相似文献   

震源机制和场地条件对近场强震地面运动特性的影响     

贺秋梅  闫维明  董娣  徐国栋  高丽霞 《地震研究》2006,29(3):256-263

将欧洲数百条地震动记录按震级、震中距、场地类别及震源机制等条件分类，通过对地震动记录加速度峰值比、加速度峰值衰减规律及反应谱比等内容的统计分析，研究了震源机制、场地类别等因素对竖向地震动的影响。结果表明，震源机制和场地类别这两种因素在近场区对竖向地震动特性有显著的影响。  相似文献   

A comparative study of the design spectra defined by Eurocode 8, UBC, IBC and Turkish Earthquake Code on R/C sample buildings     

Adem Doğangün  Ramazan Livaoğlu 《Journal of Seismology》2006,10(3):335-351

Earthquake codes have been revised and updated depending on the improvements in the representation of ground motions, soils and structures. These revisions have been more frequently seen in recent years. One of the key changes in earthquake codes has been performed on the design spectra. In this paper, the design spectra recommended by Turkish Earthquake Code and three other well known codes (Uniform Building Code, Eurocode 8, and International Building Code) are considered for comparison. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the differences caused by the use of different codes in the dynamic analysis and seismic verification of given types of buildings located at code defined different sites. The differences in expressions and some important points for elastic and inelastic spectra defined by the codes are briefly illustrated in tables and figures. Periods, base shears, lateral displacements and interstory drifts for the analyzed buildings located at code defined ground type are comparatively presented.  相似文献